What Are the Risk Factors for Bowel Cancer?

Risk factors are things that may increase the chance of developing bowel cancer. Having one or more risk factors does not mean you will definitely get cancer, and some people with bowel cancer have no obvious risk factors.

This article is for general information only. If you are worried about your personal risk, family history or symptoms, speak with a doctor.

Age

The risk of colorectal cancer increases as people get older. However, bowel cancer can also occur in younger adults, so symptoms should not be ignored at any age. CDC lists older age as an important risk factor for colorectal cancer. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}

Family History and Genetic Conditions

Risk may be higher if a close family member has had bowel cancer or certain types of bowel polyps. Some inherited conditions, such as Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis, can also increase risk.

For more detail, read our Can Bowel Cancer Run in Families? article.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Long-term inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, can increase colorectal cancer risk in some people. People with these conditions may need special monitoring.

Lifestyle Factors

Some lifestyle factors are linked with higher colorectal cancer risk, including physical inactivity, excess body weight, smoking, heavy alcohol use and diets high in processed or red meat. WHO also notes that obesity, smoking, alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle and diet patterns can contribute to colorectal cancer risk. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}

Previous Polyps or Cancer

People who have had certain bowel polyps or previous colorectal cancer may need follow-up or screening at intervals recommended by their doctor.

For screening information, read our Screening Tests for Bowel Cancer guide.

Final Thoughts

Understanding bowel cancer risk factors can help you have better conversations with your doctor. Risk does not equal diagnosis, but higher-risk people may need earlier or more frequent screening.