Less Commonly Used Tests for Bowel Cancer

Most bowel cancer investigations use common tests such as stool tests, colonoscopy, biopsy, CT scans and MRI scans. In some cases, doctors may use less commonly used tests to get more information or to investigate specific symptoms.

This article is for general information only. Your doctor can explain which tests are relevant to your situation and why.

Why Less Common Tests May Be Used

Less common tests may be used when standard tests do not give enough information, when symptoms are unusual, when previous results are unclear or when treatment planning needs more detail.

They are not needed for every person with suspected or diagnosed bowel cancer.

CT Colonography

CT colonography, sometimes called virtual colonoscopy, uses CT imaging to create pictures of the colon and rectum. It may be used for some people who cannot have a standard colonoscopy or when doctors need another way to examine the bowel.

If CT colonography shows an abnormal result, a colonoscopy may still be needed to take a biopsy or remove polyps.

Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy uses a small camera capsule that is swallowed. It is more commonly used to examine the small bowel and is not a routine first test for most bowel cancer cases.

Your specialist can explain if this type of test is relevant.

Ultrasound

Ultrasound may be used in selected situations, such as checking certain organs, guiding procedures or assessing specific symptoms. It is not usually the main test for diagnosing bowel cancer.

PET-CT Scan

PET-CT may be used in selected cases when doctors need more information about cancer activity or unclear findings from other scans.

For more detail, read our PET-CT Scan for Bowel Cancer article.

How Doctors Choose Tests

Doctors choose tests based on symptoms, physical examination, screening results, colonoscopy findings, biopsy results and treatment planning needs.

For common tests, visit our Tests to Find Cancer in the Bowel guide.

Final Thoughts

Less commonly used tests can sometimes help doctors answer specific questions, but they are not needed for everyone. Ask your healthcare team what each test is looking for and how it may affect your care.