Having an Enema Before a Bowel Test

An enema may be used before some bowel tests to clear the lower part of the bowel. It is sometimes required before flexible sigmoidoscopy or other lower bowel examinations so the doctor can see the bowel lining more clearly.

This article is for general information only. Always follow the instructions from your clinic, doctor or nurse.

What Is an Enema?

An enema is a liquid placed into the rectum through the anus to help empty the lower bowel. It usually works by encouraging a bowel movement within a short time.

The type of enema and timing can vary depending on the test and clinic instructions.

Why an Enema May Be Needed

If stool remains in the lower bowel, it can make it harder for the doctor to see clearly during a test. Clearing the bowel can improve visibility and reduce the chance that the test needs to be repeated.

Flexible sigmoidoscopy often examines only the rectum and lower colon, so an enema may be enough preparation in some cases.

How to Use It Safely

Your clinic should tell you when and how to use the enema. Read the instructions carefully. If you are unsure, call the clinic before using it.

Tell your healthcare team if you are pregnant, have severe abdominal pain, inflammatory bowel disease, kidney problems, dehydration, recent bowel surgery or allergies to the product.

What to Expect

After using an enema, you may feel an urgent need to open your bowels. Stay close to a toilet. Some people may feel mild cramping, pressure or discomfort.

If you have severe pain, heavy bleeding, dizziness or feel very unwell, seek medical advice.

Before Your Appointment

Make sure you understand whether you can eat or drink before the test, whether to take your usual medicines and what time to arrive.

For related information, read our Flexible Sigmoidoscopy for Bowel Cancer Checks and Tests to Find Cancer in the Bowel articles.

Final Thoughts

Having an enema before a bowel test can help clear the lower bowel and improve the quality of the examination. Follow clinic instructions carefully and ask questions if anything is unclear.